Northern Khanty

Suffix glosses for Northern Khanty (English)

This list of suffix glosses found in the Northern Khanty transcribed texts allows you to navigate directly to examples in the audio and video recordings.

Each item is followed by a number which gives an indication of how many times the suffix gloss appears in the texts available in the collection for Northern Khanty.

A list of of abbreviations used for the English glosses found in the texts is accessible from the help menu.

Clicking on the number following an item will take you to a result set for that item.

Search: super. 19 total hits in 9 transcripts.
Seven brothers (1)
[met] lǟpət-met | jǟj-ij-el
SUPER seven-ORD elder:brother-DIM-3SG
SUPER семь-ОРД старший:брат-ДИМ-3ЕД
The seven brothers.
The Mos woman and the Pos woman (2)
wan tɔŋχa ăn ɔmt-i-li-j-ə-l, χŭw tɔŋχa ăn ɔmt-i-li-j-ə-l pa met iśi ătti it-ij-el χŏśa ăn ɔmt-i-li-m-al χŭwat ewəlt uχəl lip-el met iśi śi χɔrpi teli-ji lel-t-ə-m pa jŏχəś tăχa ari-man mɔś-man măn-l ik-el pela ătti. jŏχi jŏχət-l pa śikəńśa uχəl śuŋχ-l-al wal-em-ə-l-li pa śikəńśa turəm sɔt wɔj-na, turəm sɔt sŏχ-na uχəl lip-el tukn-i-li-j-ə-m. śikəńśa ittam tɔŋχa law-i-li-j-ə-l: “ma it-ij-em tɔŋχa tum turem-na u-l tɔŋχa, law-ə-l, tăm arat mɔjl-ə-psi il pit-ə-m neŋχuj ewəlt χŏti śi tŭw-m-em” itta χuj śikəńśa kas-li pŭs-li sus-i-li-j-ə-l. “imŏsa ăt-en pa χŏl măn-ə-s?” “imŏsa ăt-em, law-ə-l, ŏmlep wŭs χŭwat tup śăltəm...” nu śikəńśa, itta χuj law-i-li-j-ə-l ănti: “jăm śi, law-ə-l, tălta ul-ə-m jis-na tup, law-ə-l, neŋχ-et, law-ə-l, śi sărən-na păr-ti pit-l-ə-t. śit śal u-s, law-ə-l. kŭl-ə-t χŏti, law-ə-l, χŏl-ti pit-l-ə-t.” śi śŭń-ə-l χul-ə-l jel ul-mit-s-ə-t. vśŏ, χăl-ə-s.
short DP NEG sit-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST long DP NEG sit-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST and SUPER same DP brother-DIM-3SG to NEG sit-0-IMPF-NMLZ.PF-3SG along from sled inside-3SG SUPER same FOC like full-TRANS sit-TR-0-NMLZ.PF and homewards place sing-CVB tell:tales-CVB go-NONPST old:man-3SG towards DP home arrive-NONPST and DP sled corner-PL-3SG look-INCH-0-NONPST-SG.3SG and DP sky hundred animal-LOC sky hundred hide-LOC sled inside-3SG be:filled-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-NMLZ.PF DP DP DP say-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST 1SG brother-DIM-1SG DP that sky-LOC be-NONPST DP say-0-NONPST this much feast-0-N down fall-0-NMLZ.PF person from how FOC bring-NMLZ.PF-1SG that man DP joy-CAR pleasure-CAR step-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST one thing-2SG and where go-0-PST one thing-1SG say-0-NONPST ice:hole opening along just sink INTJ DP that man say-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST DP good DP say-0-NONPST from:here be-0-NMLZ.PF time-LOC say-0-NONPST person-PL say-0-NONPST DP death-LOC die-NMLZ.IMPF start-NONPST-0-3PL so sorry be-PST say-0-NONPST devil-0-PL how say-0-NONPST be:exhausted-NMLZ.IMPF start-NONPST-0-3PL DP wealth-0-3SG prosperity-0-3SG forward live-INCH-PST-0-3PL [all] die-0-PST
short DP НЕГ сидеть-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST длинный DP НЕГ сидеть-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST and SUPER same DP брат-ДИМ-3ЕД к НЕГ сидеть-0-ИМПФ-НМЛЗ.ПРФ-3ЕД вдоль от sled inside-3ЕД SUPER same ФОК любить full-TRANS сидеть-TR-0-НМЛЗ.ПРФ and homewards место sing-КОНВ tell:tales-КОНВ идти-NONPST старик-3ЕД в:направлении DP home прибыть-NONPST and DP sled corner-МН-3ЕД смотреть-ИНХ-0-NONPST-ЕД.3ЕД and DP небо стоянка животное-ЛОК небо стоянка прятать-ЛОК sled inside-3ЕД be:filled-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-НМЛЗ.ПРФ DP DP DP сказать-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST 1ЕД брат-ДИМ-1ЕД DP тот небо-ЛОК быть-NONPST DP сказать-0-NONPST этот много feast-0-N down fall-0-НМЛЗ.ПРФ человек от как ФОК принести-НМЛЗ.ПРФ-1ЕД тот мужчина DP радость-КАР pleasure-КАР шаг-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST один вещь-2ЕД and где идти-0-ПРОШ один вещь-1ЕД сказать-0-NONPST ice:hole opening вдоль только sink МЕЖД DP тот мужчина сказать-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST DP хороший DP сказать-0-NONPST from:here быть-0-НМЛЗ.ПРФ время-ЛОК сказать-0-NONPST человек-МН сказать-0-NONPST DP death-ЛОК умереть-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ начать-NONPST-0-3МН так sorry быть-ПРОШ сказать-0-NONPST черт-0-МН как сказать-0-NONPST be:exhausted-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ начать-NONPST-0-3МН DP wealth-0-3ЕД prosperity-0-3ЕД forward жить-ИНХ-ПРОШ-0-3МН [весь] умереть-0-ПРОШ
She did not sit for a long or a short time, while she sat by her brother, her sled was loaded up full as it were and she went back to her husband with tales and songs. She arrived home and looked at the corners of the sled. The bottom of the sled was filled up to the sky with a hundred animals, with a hundred hides. She said: “My little brother lives in another sky, I brought this many gifts from my departed brother.” The man was going without concern. “And where did that one get to?” “That one fell through the opening of an ice-hole.” The man said: “Fine, starting from now people will die with their own fates. The demons will be gone.” And they started living on happily. That is all. She died.
The man of tales and the squirrel (2)
nu śikəńśa, itta χɔj jel sus-m-ə-s. sus-m-ə-l. itta laŋki niŋ-ə-l law-i-li-j-əl: “χălewət χătl, law-ə-l, ji-t-en-na ma, law-ə-l, iśi tăta ul-ti pit-l-ə-m. ma, law-ə-l, wɔs ńŏl-em tŭta śi, law-ə-l, wŭl ur ńel, năŋ, law-ə-l, eŋm-i-li-m-en χŭwat śi ur ńel χŏśa, law-ə-l, lăŋ-t-i-l-i-m-en ănta, i năŋ kaltm-en et-l-ij-ə-m ănta.” nu atul śikəńśa. itta χuj jŏχi jŏχət-l. jŏχi jŏχətl, śŭtśij-ə-l. jina pa śikəńśa lapət nɔχr-ə-l wŭ-s-li lapət nɔχr-ə-l wŭ-s-li pa śikəńśa śiti χŏś seŋk-l-ə-lli. imŏsaj-na kat pelk-ə-l pela want-ij-ə-l pa năr-el śiti jăm-mi jŭw-m-al pa jiŋk wɔj-na χuj-l-a, ńŏχəs-na χuj-l-a. numəs-ij-ə-l: “ma tăm arat tăj-ti-t ma χŏl tu-l-lam peli? śiti ăsat ul.” śikəńśa itta lapət nɔχr-ə-l sŭkat-l pa itta lapət nɔχər, lapət met nɔχr-ə-l-na śi χɔrpi sɔrńeŋ ŏχ ătti luj-ə-t ul-m-al pa śikəńśa. nɔχər jɔs-l χŏśa nŏχ sumət-l-ə-lli pa χătl nŏχ χutl-ə-s. ɔj, met numəs-ij-ə-l: “ma ilampa ul-ə-psi-na pit-l-ə-m.”
INTJ DP that man ahead step-INCH-0-PST step-INCH-0-NONPST that squirrel woman say-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST tomorrow day say-0-NONPST come-NMLZ.IMPF-2SG-LOC 1SG say-0-NONPST same here be-NMLZ.IMPF start-NONPST-0-1SG 1SG say-0-NONPST town ?-1SG there FOC say-0-NONPST big forest nose say-0-NONPST grow-0-IMPF-FREQ-NMLZ.PF-2SG along FOC forest nose to say-0-NONPST enter-TR-0-IMPF-NMLZ.PF-2SG not:be [and] 2SG footprint-2SG come:forth-IMPF-FREQ-0-NMLZ.PF not:be INTJ ever DP DP man homewards arrive-NONPST homewards arrive-NONPST rest-0-NONPST indeed and DP seven cone-0-3SG take-PST-SG.3SG seven cone-0-3SG take-PST-SG.3SG and DP so away strike-NONPST-0-SG.3SG one-LOC two half-0-3SG towards see-FREQ-0-NONPST and bed-3SG so good-TRANS come-NMLZ.PF-3SG and water animal-LOC lie-NONPST-PAS sable-LOC lie-NONPST-PAS think-FREQ-0-NONPST 1SG this much have-NMLZ.IMPF-N 1SG where bring-NONPST-PL.1SG DP so beautiful be-NONPST DP that seven cone-0-NONPST break-NONPST and DP seven cone seven SUPER cone-0-NONPST-LOC DP like gold money ring-0-PL be-NMLZ.PF-3SG and DP cone hand-3SG to up dress-NONPST-0-SG.3SG and day up dawn-0-PST INTJ SUPER think-FREQ-0-NONPST 1SG perhaps be-0-N-LOC fall-NONPST-0-1SG
МЕЖД DP тот мужчина вперед шаг-ИНХ-0-ПРОШ шаг-ИНХ-0-NONPST тот squirrel женщина сказать-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST завтра день сказать-0-NONPST прийти-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ-2ЕД-ЛОК 1ЕД сказать-0-NONPST same здесь быть-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ начать-NONPST-0-1ЕД 1ЕД сказать-0-NONPST город ?-1ЕД там ФОК сказать-0-NONPST большой лес nose сказать-0-NONPST расти-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-НМЛЗ.ПРФ-2ЕД вдоль ФОК лес nose к сказать-0-NONPST войти-TR-0-ИМПФ-НМЛЗ.ПРФ-2ЕД not:be [and] 2ЕД footprint-2ЕД come:forth-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-НМЛЗ.ПРФ not:be МЕЖД ever DP DP мужчина homewards прибыть-NONPST homewards прибыть-NONPST rest-0-NONPST indeed and DP семь cone-0-3ЕД взять-ПРОШ-ЕД.3ЕД семь cone-0-3ЕД взять-ПРОШ-ЕД.3ЕД and DP так прочь strike-NONPST-0-ЕД.3ЕД один-ЛОК два half-0-3ЕД в:направлении видеть-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST and постель-3ЕД так хороший-TRANS прийти-НМЛЗ.ПРФ-3ЕД and вода животное-ЛОК лежать-NONPST-ПАС sable-ЛОК лежать-NONPST-ПАС think-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST 1ЕД этот много have-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ-N 1ЕД где принести-NONPST-МН.1ЕД DP так beautiful быть-NONPST DP тот семь cone-0-NONPST break-NONPST and DP семь cone семь SUPER cone-0-NONPST-ЛОК DP любить gold money ring-0-МН быть-НМЛЗ.ПРФ-3ЕД and DP cone рука-3ЕД к вверх платье-NONPST-0-ЕД.3ЕД and день вверх рассвет-0-ПРОШ МЕЖД SUPER think-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST 1ЕД perhaps быть-0-N-ЛОК fall-NONPST-0-1ЕД
The man went on. He went on. The squirrel said: “When day breaks tomorrow, I will be here. Here there is a big forest, while you were growing, you never went into this forest, there are no traces of you.” Well, fine. The man cam home. He came home, rested. And sure enough, he took seven cones. He took seven cones and broke them open. Then he looked to both sides and his benches had become so beautiful, animals were lying on them, sables were lying. He thought: “Where will I put so much? Everything is here.” He opened up another seven cones and in these seven cones were golden rings. He put them on his fingers, it started to glitter. He thought: “I must have fallen onto riches.”
The seven knives (2)
ittam ăt wan ɔms-ə-s, śi ɔms-ə-s śikəńśa i wɔχ-l-a jŏχi. jŏχi wɔχ-l-a, jiś-t-ə-l-a, lapət-l-a śikəńśa, il χuj-t-ə-l-a. pani ewəlt jŏχi tɔl'kɔ jŏχət-l-ə-t pa śikəńśa ătti ătti ătti met wŭl ăt-ə-l law-i-li-j-ə-l: “dawaj ătti kar-na jesa jăn-l-uw. kar-na jăn-l-uw, li-l-uw, jiś-l-uw, il χuj-li-l-uw. kimət-ti nŏχ pa kil-t-ew-na stɔbi śi ăt-l-uw, ătti mŭnti mŏla wer-s-uw pa śi wer-l-uw pa jiləp-pi numlət-l-uw, iśi wer-l-al jŭpi-na kesi-l-al, lajəm-l-al mă-l-l-uw, i kesi-l-al lajm-ə-l pil-na lăsk-ə-l-li, jus at ewət-l.”
that thing short sit-0-PST DP sit-0-PST DP [and] beg-NONPST-PAS homewards homewards beg-NONPST-PAS drink-CAUS-0-NONPST-PAS feed-NONPST-PAS down lie-CAUS-0-NONPST-PAS bath from homewards [only] arrive-NONPST-0-3PL and DP DP DP DP SUPER big thing-0-NONPST say-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST [let’s] DP cards-LOC a:little play-NONPST-1PL cards-LOC play-NONPST-1PL eat-NONPST-1PL drink-NONPST-1PL down lie-IMPF-NONPST-1PL second-TRANS up and rise-NMLZ.IMPF-1PL-LOC [that] DP light-NONPST-1PL DP soon what make-PST-1PL and DP make-NONPST-1PL and new-TRANS remember-NONPST-1PL same thing-PL-3SG behind-LOC knife-PL-3SG axe-PL-3SG give-NONPST-PL.1PL [and] knife-PL-3SG axe-0-3SG companion-LOC throw-0-NONPST-SG.3SG road OPT cut-NONPST
тот вещь short сидеть-0-ПРОШ DP сидеть-0-ПРОШ DP [and] beg-NONPST-ПАС homewards homewards beg-NONPST-ПАС drink-CAUS-0-NONPST-ПАС кормить-NONPST-ПАС down лежать-CAUS-0-NONPST-ПАС bath от homewards [only] прибыть-NONPST-0-3МН and DP DP DP DP SUPER большой вещь-0-NONPST сказать-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST [let’s] DP cards-ЛОК a:little play-NONPST-1МН cards-ЛОК play-NONPST-1МН есть-NONPST-1МН drink-NONPST-1МН down лежать-ИМПФ-NONPST-1МН второй-TRANS вверх and rise-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ-1МН-ЛОК [тот] DP свет-NONPST-1МН DP soon что делать-ПРОШ-1МН and DP делать-NONPST-1МН and новый-TRANS remember-NONPST-1МН same вещь-МН-3ЕД за-ЛОК нож-МН-3ЕД топор-МН-3ЕД дать-NONPST-МН.1МН [and] нож-МН-3ЕД топор-0-3ЕД товарищ-ЛОК бросать-0-NONPST-ЕД.3ЕД road OPT резать-NONPST
He sat there for a long or a short time, he sat there, he was called home. They called him home, gave him food, gave him drink, laid him down to sleep. As soon as they came back to the house from the bath, the oldest one said: “Come on, let’s play cards a little. We’ll play cards, have something to eat, have something to drink and then go to bed. When we get up for the second time, we will get ready so that what we did we will remember to do again the same way. After this we will give knives and axes, let him throw the knives together with the axe, let him cut a path.”
Elder brother and younger brother (2)
nu, juχl-ə-l lăŋkər-na pŏn-ə-s pa śikəńśa peŋk laŋki χăn-la wɔs ewəlt kŭns-ə-ŋ laŋk-i χăn-la wɔs ewəlt kat χŏn-ə-m păt-na ńɔl mŏta-l-ə-t alm-ə-s nul jiŋk ɔmp-i waś jŏχan-ə-l-na, pŭt jiŋk ɔmp-i waś jŏχan juŋk-ə-l-na nik ɔχl-ə-s pa juχl-ə-l pŏn-ə-s pa juχl-ə-l săs-na il χuj-ə-s. kak ɔkɔpa jŭkanna. il χuj-ə-s pa śi kul-ə-t juχəl ul-m-al pa neŋχuj pălat-i śi. lŭw pălat, ńŏχaj-el pălat, ńŏχaj-ə-l kŭlat juχəl. tulta mŏla kem ńɔl kit-i-li-l-a pa śi l'al' ewəlt juχl-ə-l χŏśa χɔj-l-ə-t pa nŏχ śel-l-ə-t, nŭmp-el ewəlt măn-l-ə-t, a lŭw tălta kit-ti ńɔl-l-al-na “tăm ar-em, law-ə-l, tăm mɔnś-em pa tel mŏsa măn-l, tăm kit-ti ńɔl-em-na. tŏwi rŭwa at rɔχəl-l-aj-ə-t, tŏwi χărwes at ɔrit-l-aj-ə-t.” ńɔl kit-t-al pŏraj-na, ńɔl-ə-l tŭta măn-ti jus iśi-met jus iti mŏla χărwes iti pelək wanś-i-li-l-a pa lăp pa χăt-l-a śi arat mŭr. wan ɔrit-ə-s, χŭw esl-ə-s pa śikəńśa strel'ajt-ə-s.
INTJ bow-0-3SG shoulder-LOC put-0-PST and DP tooth squirrel catch-CAR town from claw-0-PROPR squirrel catch-CAR town from two flee-0-NMLZ.PF bottom-LOC arrow wrap-NONPST-0-3PL lift-0-PST gross water ladle-PROPR town river-0-3SG-LOC pot water ladle-PROPR town river ice-0-3SG-LOC riverwards descend-0-PST and bow-0-3SG put-0-PST and bow-0-3SG back-LOC down lie-0-PST [as] [trench] as:if down lie-0-PST and DP rope-0-3SG bow be-NMLZ.PF-3SG and person height-PROPR DP 3 height flesh-3SG height flesh-0-3SG width bow from:there what after arrow send-0-IMPF-NONPST-PAS and DP war from bow-0-3SG to catch-NONPST-0-3PL and up jump-NONPST-0-3PL above-3SG from go-NONPST-0-3PL [but] 3 from:there send-NMLZ.IMPF arrow-PL-3SG-LOC this song-1SG say-0-NONPST this story-1SG and full what go-NONPST this send-NMLZ.IMPF arrow-1SG-LOC spring embankment OPT destroy-NONPST-PAS-0-3PL spring opening OPT dig:through-NONPST-PAS-0-3PL arrow send-NMLZ.IMPF-3SG time-LOC arrow-0-3SG there arrive-NMLZ.IMPF road same-SUPER road as what opening as cut-0-IMPF-NONPST-PAS and closed and die-NONPST-PAS DP much people short dig through long release-0-PST and DP [shoot]-0-PST
МЕЖД лук-0-3ЕД shoulder-ЛОК положить-0-ПРОШ and DP зуб squirrel catch-КАР город от claw-0-ПРОПР squirrel catch-КАР город от два flee-0-НМЛЗ.ПРФ bottom-ЛОК стрела завернуть-NONPST-0-3МН lift-0-ПРОШ gross вода ковш-ПРОПР город river-0-3ЕД-ЛОК pot вода ковш-ПРОПР город river ice-0-3ЕД-ЛОК riverwards descend-0-ПРОШ and лук-0-3ЕД положить-0-ПРОШ and лук-0-3ЕД назад-ЛОК down лежать-0-ПРОШ [as] [trench] as:if down лежать-0-ПРОШ and DP веревка-0-3ЕД лук быть-НМЛЗ.ПРФ-3ЕД and человек height-ПРОПР DP 3 height flesh-3ЕД height flesh-0-3ЕД ширина лук from:there что после стрела послать-0-ИМПФ-NONPST-ПАС and DP война от лук-0-3ЕД к catch-NONPST-0-3МН and вверх прыгать-NONPST-0-3МН над-3ЕД от идти-NONPST-0-3МН [но] 3 from:there послать-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ стрела-МН-3ЕД-ЛОК этот песня-1ЕД сказать-0-NONPST этот story-1ЕД and full что идти-NONPST этот послать-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ стрела-1ЕД-ЛОК spring embankment OPT destroy-NONPST-ПАС-0-3МН spring opening OPT dig:through-NONPST-ПАС-0-3МН стрела послать-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ-3ЕД время-ЛОК стрела-0-3ЕД там прибыть-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ road same-SUPER road as что opening as резать-0-ИМПФ-NONPST-ПАС and closed and умереть-NONPST-ПАС DP много народ short dig через длинный release-0-ПРОШ and DP [стрелять]-0-ПРОШ
He put the bow over his shoulder, took the bunches of arrows under his arm and went down from the Town which a Squirrel with Teeth cannot Catch on, the Town which a Squirrel with Claws cannot Catch on to the ice of the Town River with a Ladle of Water from the Kettle, with a Ladle of Gross Water. He put the bow down and lay in waiting behind the bow. Like in an entrenchment. He laid himself down, the bow was of the width and size of a man, his size, the size of his body, the width of his body. The warriors shot arrow at him from there. They struck against his bow and rebounded, they flew up past him. He shot off arrows from where he was. “This my song,” he said, “This my tale will last until the end of the arrow that I shoot off. May it destroy the spring embankments, may it tear at the spring openings.” When he shot off the arrow, an arrow flying like on a path, it cut through the openings between the trees, it laid many people low. For a short time it dug through, for a long time he sent off arrows, shot arrows.
Imi-Xili (7)
tŏχi uχəl-na, niŋ-ə-t uχəl-na lel-ə-l pa il jɔwər-l-ə-l-a, il χus-lt-ə-l-a. uj, χul-l-ə-lli: mŏsa rep-ə-ŋ tăχa, mŏla śŭŋk-ə-ŋ tăχa śat-l. wan χŭw χɔj-ə-nt-ə-s-ŋən, wan χŭw măn-s-ə-ŋən pa păj-li mŭw-na pit-man śat-l. il ɔχəl-s-ə-ŋən pa il ɔχl-t-ə-s-a pa il ɔχl-ə-s pa tijəś tŏχəś want-i-li-j-ə-l: jina pa turəm peli nŏχəś tăχa χɔntep lɔj-ə-l, śi χɔntep χŭwat il śi ɔχəl-man, law-ə-l. itta kălaŋ pɔχl-ij-ə-l lin-an kerət-man nawər-li-j-ə-l, lin-an kerət-man jăŋχ-i-li-j-ə-l. ɔ, itta wɔs-ə-ŋ urt iki jik iskaś-ti pit-ə-s, law-ə-l: “ɔj, law-ə-l, nŏməs ki u-l, law-ə-l, taś wer-ti mŏla χŭw! want-l-en: ɔŋt-ə-ŋ wɔj tŭ-s-ə-m, ɔŋt-ə-ŋ wɔj sit-s-ə-m.” śiməś nŏməs-na, śiməś jaśəŋ-na pŏtər-ti pit-ə-s, iśi-met jăraś-ti pit-ə-s.
to:there sled-LOC woman-0-PL sled-LOC sit-0-NONPST and down tie-TR-0-NONPST-PAS down bind-TR-0-NONPST-PAS INTJ hear-NONPST-0-SG.3SG what ravine-0-PROPR place what knoll-0-PROPR place hear-NONPST short long catch-0-FREQ-0-PST-3DU short long go-PST-0-3DU and pile-CAR land-LOC fall-CVB hear-NONPST down descend-PST-0-3DU and down descend-TR-0-PST-PAS and down descend-0-PST and to:here to:there see-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST DP and sky DP upwards place ladder stand-0-NONPST DP ladder along down FOC descend-CVB say-0-NONPST that reindeer cub-DIM-0-3SG 3DU-ACC/DAT turn-CVB jump-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST 3DU-ACC/DAT turn-CVB walk-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST INTJ that town-0-PROPR spirit old:man boy boast-NMLZ.IMPF start-0-PST say-0-NONPST INTJ say-0-NONPST mind if be-NONPST say-0-NONPST herd make-NMLZ.IMPF what long see-NONPST-0-SG.2SG horn-0-PROPR animal bring-PST-0-1SG horn-0-PROPR get-PST-0-1SG such mind-LOC such speech-LOC speak-NMLZ.IMPF start-0-PST same-SUPER brag-NMLZ.IMPF start-0-PST
to:there sled-ЛОК женщина-0-МН sled-ЛОК сидеть-0-NONPST and down связать-TR-0-NONPST-ПАС down bind-TR-0-NONPST-ПАС МЕЖД слышать-NONPST-0-ЕД.3ЕД что ravine-0-ПРОПР место что knoll-0-ПРОПР место слышать-NONPST short длинный catch-0-ФРЕКВ-0-ПРОШ-3ДВ short длинный идти-ПРОШ-0-3ДВ and pile-КАР земля-ЛОК fall-КОНВ слышать-NONPST down descend-ПРОШ-0-3ДВ and down descend-TR-0-ПРОШ-ПАС and down descend-0-ПРОШ and to:here to:there видеть-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST DP and небо DP upwards место ladder стоять-0-NONPST DP ladder вдоль down ФОК descend-КОНВ сказать-0-NONPST тот олень cub-ДИМ-0-3ЕД 3ДВ-АКК/ДАТ turn-КОНВ прыгать-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST 3ДВ-АКК/ДАТ turn-КОНВ идти-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST МЕЖД тот город-0-ПРОПР spirit старик boy boast-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ начать-0-ПРОШ сказать-0-NONPST МЕЖД сказать-0-NONPST ум if быть-NONPST сказать-0-NONPST herd делать-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ что длинный видеть-NONPST-0-ЕД.2ЕД рог-0-ПРОПР животное принести-ПРОШ-0-1ЕД рог-0-ПРОПР получить-ПРОШ-0-1ЕД such ум-ЛОК such speech-ЛОК говорить-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ начать-0-ПРОШ same-SUPER brag-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ начать-0-ПРОШ
He sat down on the woman’s sled and she tied him up. Oh, he heard it was a sort of hilly place, a sort of uneven place. They knocked about for a long time or a short time, he heard they had come to his home land. They went down, she let him down, he crawled out and looked this way and that: really, there was a ladder leading up to the sky, he saw that they had come down on this ladder. The small reindeer herd jumped around them, milled around them. The town hero’s son began to brag and said: “Oh, if I have brains, it won’t take long to produce wealth. You see, I brought horned animals, I secured horned animals.” He stood there speaking with such thoughts and such words, that’s how he bragged.
The cuckoo (1)
met jälta wul jik-ə-l jiŋk jiś-ta li-ta pit-s-a. jŏχi läŋ-ə-s, want-l-ə-lli, am-el χat kutəp-na aməs-l. malśaŋ-ə-l somət-l. măsa păraj-ə-t-na malśaŋ-ə-l pun-ə-t-na et-s-a. nŏχəst-i săχ-ə-l am-el wu-s, posi-ji pŏn-s-ə-lli, śi nŏχəst-i săχ-ə-l pŏns-ə-li-j-ə-s. jantəs-ti lujəl wu-s-li, nol-li pŏn-s-ə-lli, nol-li ji-s. jas-l-al orəŋna tŏχl-ə-t-na eŋəm-s-a. ittam am-el kukuk-ki ji-s. kukuk-ki ji-s pǟ χat-ə-l ewəlt kim porl-ə-s. uw-ə-l wul jik-ə-l: “jǟj-ə-t, want-a-ti, want-a-ti it-ə-t, am-ew nŏχ porl-ə-ta pit-ə-s, am-el kukuk-ki ji-ta pit-ə-s”. ńŏχəm-s-ə-t ńǟwrem-l-al am-el jupi-na, uw-l-ə-t: “am-e, am-e, muŋ jiŋk-na tu-s-ew näŋ-en”. a luw lǟw-ə-l: “kukuk, kukuk. mǟ mălli män-s-ə-m. ittam mǟ ... jiŋ-l-am mǟ jup-em-na ǟr, jiŋk-am ǟr, jiŋk än mas-l män-em”.
SUPER ahead big boy-0-3SG water drink-NMLZ.IMPF want-NMLZ.IMPF start-PST-PAS homewards enter-0-PST see-NONPST-0-SG.3SG mother-3SG house middle-LOC sit-NONPST coat-0-3SG dress-NONPST what time-0-PL-LOC coat-0-3SG-LOC hair-0-PL-LOC come:forth-PST-PAS sable-PROPR hide-0-3SG mother-3SG take-PST shoulder-TRANS put-PST-0-SG.3SG DP sable-PROPR hide-0-3SG put-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-PST sew-NMLZ.IMPF finger take-PST-SG.3SG shoulder-TRANS put-PST-0-SG.3SG shoulder-TRANS come-PST arm-PL-3SG for wing-0-PL-LOC grow-PST-PAS that mother-3SG cuckoo-TRANS come-PST cuckoo-TRANS come-PST and house-0-3SG from out fly-0-PST shout-0-NONPST big boy-0-3SG elder:brother-0-PL see-IMP-PL see-IMP-PL one-0-PL mother-1PL up fly-0-NMLZ.IMPF start-0-PST mother-3SG cuckoo-TRANS come-NMLZ.IMPF start-0-PST run-PST-0-3PL child-PL-3SG mother-3SG behind-LOC shout-NONPST-0-3PL mother-VOC mother-VOC 1PL water-LOC bring-PST-SG.1PL 2SG-ACC/DAT [but] 3SG say-0-NONPST kukuk kukuk 1SG already go-PST-0-1SG DP 1SG water-PL-1SG 1SG behind-1SG-LOC many water-1SG many water NEG must-NONPST 1SG-ACC/DAT
SUPER вперед большой boy-0-3ЕД вода drink-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ хотеть-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ начать-ПРОШ-ПАС homewards войти-0-ПРОШ видеть-NONPST-0-ЕД.3ЕД мать-3ЕД дом середина-ЛОК сидеть-NONPST верхняя:одежда-0-3ЕД платье-NONPST что время-0-МН-ЛОК верхняя:одежда-0-3ЕД-ЛОК hair-0-МН-ЛОК come:forth-ПРОШ-ПАС sable-ПРОПР прятать-0-3ЕД мать-3ЕД взять-ПРОШ shoulder-TRANS положить-ПРОШ-0-ЕД.3ЕД DP sable-ПРОПР прятать-0-3ЕД положить-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-ПРОШ шить-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ finger взять-ПРОШ-ЕД.3ЕД shoulder-TRANS положить-ПРОШ-0-ЕД.3ЕД shoulder-TRANS прийти-ПРОШ arm-МН-3ЕД for wing-0-МН-ЛОК расти-ПРОШ-ПАС тот мать-3ЕД cuckoo-TRANS прийти-ПРОШ cuckoo-TRANS прийти-ПРОШ and дом-0-3ЕД от из летать-0-ПРОШ кричать-0-NONPST большой boy-0-3ЕД старший:брат-0-МН видеть-ИМП-МН видеть-ИМП-МН один-0-МН мать-1МН вверх летать-0-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ начать-0-ПРОШ мать-3ЕД cuckoo-TRANS прийти-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ начать-0-ПРОШ бежать-ПРОШ-0-3МН ребенок-МН-3ЕД мать-3ЕД за-ЛОК кричать-NONPST-0-3МН мать-ВОК мать-ВОК 1МН вода-ЛОК принести-ПРОШ-ЕД.1МН 2ЕД-АКК/ДАТ [но] 3ЕД сказать-0-NONPST kukuk kukuk 1ЕД уже идти-ПРОШ-0-1ЕД DP 1ЕД вода-МН-1ЕД 1ЕД за-1ЕД-ЛОК много вода-1ЕД много вода НЕГ must-NONPST 1ЕД-АКК/ДАТ
The eldest son wanted to drink water. He went home and looked, his mother was sitting in the middle of the house. She put on her coat. Suddenly feathers appeared on the coat. She took the sable coat, put it on her shoulders put on the fur coat like that. Wings grew out of the sleeves. So their mother turned into a cuckoo. She turned into a cuckoo and flew out of the house. The eldest son screamed: “Brothers, look, look, our mother has started to fly, our mother has turned into a cuckoo.” The children ran after their mother, crying: “Mama, mama, we have brought you water.” But she said: “Coo-coo, coo-coo, I’ve left for good. I have much water, I don’t need any water.”
Fox (1)
ɔχ-ti wɔj iki law-i-li-j-ə-l pa: “mŭŋ pa χŏl măn-l-uw?” “pa năŋ năŋ, law-ə-l, tɔmətta lɔj-ti wŭl nɔχər jŭχ lɔj-l. śiməś t, law-ə-l, lip-el-na χŏsap-ə-t ul-li-j-ə-l pa śi ler tăj-ə-l pa χir-l-ə-n ki, jŭχ χŏsap lipi-na lăŋ-l-ə-n ki, nɔχər jŭχ jŭkanna jŭχ lŭw χŭnti ńŏχt-ə-l-ə-l. ăn ńŏχt-ə-l-ə-l. śi jŭχ lipi-na χăńem-alən ki pa tup werit-l-ə-n χăś-ti-ji.” “jina, law-ə-l, śi jŭχ χŏti ma art-ə-l-lem, ... lŭw lip-el-na χŏsap tăj-l.” a mŭw χɔr iki law-i-li-j-ə-l pa: “ma χŏl măn-l-ə-m? ma, law-ə-l itta, măn-l-ə-m, mŭw χɔr iki law-i-li-j-ə-l, wek kŭssi mŭw-na il lăŋ-l-ə-m lampa, mŭw-na ul-ti pit-l-ə-m.”# ja atul, śit-ŋən mănsəŋən. χŏn-s-ə-ŋən śi, χăńem-ə-s-ə-ŋən. a ɔχsar iki śikəńśa ɔχ-ti wɔj χuj-ə-m ŏχ-ə-n lipi-na tŏχi χuj-ə-mt-ə-s, al χuj-i-li-j-ə-l. iśi-met lŭw wer-ə-m-ə-t-l, lŭw sit-ə-m-ə-t-l. a mŭw χɔr iki kɔrɔvat' mŏla divan χŏśa ittam χɔr mŭs iki im-el pil-na śi leśat-s-ə-lli. śi χɔrpi jăm χɔt-na ul-l-ə-t, χɔn χɔt χɔrpi χɔt-na mŏla
croak-NMLZ.IMPF animal old:man say-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST and 1PL and where go-NONPST-1PL and 2SG 2SG say-0-NONPST yesterday stand-NMLZ.IMPF big cone tree stand-NONPST such say-0-NONPST inside-3SG-LOC hollow-0-PL be-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST and DP root have-0-NONPST and dig-NONPST-0-2SG if tree hollow inside-LOC enter-NONPST-0-2SG if cone tree as:if tree 3 when run-0-TR-0-NONPST NEG run-0-TR-0-NONPST DP tree inside-LOC hid-IMP.SG.PL if and only can-NONPST-0-2SG remain-NMLZ.IMPF-TRANS DP say-0-NONPST DP tree how 1SG investigate-NONPST-PL.1SG 3 inside-3SG-LOC hollow have-NONPST [but] land male old:man say-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST and 1SG where go-NONPST-0-1SG 1SG say-0-NONPST DP go-NONPST-0-1SG land male old:man say-0-IMPF-FREQ-0-NONPST forever for land-LOC down enter-NONPST-0-1SG similar land-LOC be-NMLZ.IMPF start-NONPST-0-1SG DP ever that-DU go-PST-0-3DU flee-PST-0-3DU DP hide-PST-0-3DU [but] fox old:man DP croak-NMLZ.IMPF animal lie-0-NMLZ.PF money-0-3DU inside-LOC to:there lie-0-INCH-0-PST very:much lie-0-INCH-FREQ-0-NONPST same-SUPER 3 make-0-NMLZ.PF-0-N-3SG get-0-NMLZ.PF-0-N-3SG [but] land male old:man [bed] what [sofa] to that male cow old:man woman-3SG companion-LOC FOC prepare-PST-0-SG.3SG DP like good house-LOC be-NONPST-0-3PL king house like house-LOC what
croak-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ животное старик сказать-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST and 1МН and где идти-NONPST-1МН and 2ЕД 2ЕД сказать-0-NONPST yesterday стоять-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ большой cone дерево стоять-NONPST such сказать-0-NONPST inside-3ЕД-ЛОК hollow-0-МН быть-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST and DP root have-0-NONPST and dig-NONPST-0-2ЕД if дерево hollow inside-ЛОК войти-NONPST-0-2ЕД if cone дерево as:if дерево 3 когда бежать-0-TR-0-NONPST НЕГ бежать-0-TR-0-NONPST DP дерево inside-ЛОК hid-ИМП.ЕД.МН if and only can-NONPST-0-2ЕД остаться-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ-TRANS DP сказать-0-NONPST DP дерево как 1ЕД investigate-NONPST-МН.1ЕД 3 inside-3ЕД-ЛОК hollow have-NONPST [но] земля male старик сказать-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST and 1ЕД где идти-NONPST-0-1ЕД 1ЕД сказать-0-NONPST DP идти-NONPST-0-1ЕД земля male старик сказать-0-ИМПФ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST forever for земля-ЛОК down войти-NONPST-0-1ЕД similar земля-ЛОК быть-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ начать-NONPST-0-1ЕД DP ever тот-ДВ идти-ПРОШ-0-3ДВ flee-ПРОШ-0-3ДВ DP прятать-ПРОШ-0-3ДВ [но] лиса старик DP croak-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ животное лежать-0-НМЛЗ.ПРФ money-0-3ДВ inside-ЛОК to:there лежать-0-ИНХ-0-ПРОШ very:much лежать-0-ИНХ-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST same-SUPER 3 делать-0-НМЛЗ.ПРФ-0-N-3ЕД получить-0-НМЛЗ.ПРФ-0-N-3ЕД [но] земля male старик [постель] что [sofa] к тот male корова старик женщина-3ЕД товарищ-ЛОК ФОК приготовить-ПРОШ-0-ЕД.3ЕД DP любить хороший дом-ЛОК быть-NONPST-0-3МН king дом любить дом-ЛОК что
Old man snake said: “Where shall we go?” “Before,” he said, “there used to be a big larch tree. Trees like that are hollow and have roots. If you burrow into the hollow of a tree like that, they won’t disturb the larch. They won’t disturb it. So hide inside the tree, only that will rescue you.” “Right,” he said. “I see this tree, it’s hollow on the inside.” Old man mammoth said: “And where shall I go? I’ll go into the earth, I’ll live in the earth.” So, fine. They left. They ran off and hid themselves. Old man fox lay where the animal had been lying, he lay down. He had taken care of the matter, had achieved his goal. And old man bull lay on the bed or couch of old man mammoth together with his wife. They were living in a beautiful house, in a house like the tsar’s.
Maxim (1)
wan măn-l χŭw măn-l, wɔs χuli χŭwat măn-l. i χɔt-na śi kem sij-ə-m-ə-t śat-l-ə-t. kŭtś-ə-m-ə-t śatlət. “ma itta χir sŏχ-em ti śeńi-na lɔńśəχ-l-ə-m pa ăsa jŏχi lăŋt-i-l-ə-m. jiś-ti at jiś-l-ə-t.” ɔj, jŏχi et-ə-s pa tup neŋχe-l-al-na mɔstəp-s-a pa mŏχti: “ătti, ɔj, maksim, năŋ jŏχət-s-ə-n, năŋ. jŭw-a-ji, ti jŭw-a, tăta telij-en jińś-a, telna sɔs-l-a, telij-en jińś-a.” “ɔj, pa ma χŏti at kŭs jiś-l-ə-m pa kamən pa i pil tăj-l-ə-m pa kŭl tăj-l-ə-m pa alt χɔn-l lŭw, χŏti ŋerij-ə-l.” “ɔj, pa ta pa kŭl mŏla-ji ti tu-s-en? pa kŭl-na χŏti mŭŋ li-l-aj-uw ănti.” “pa χălśa lŭw χɔn-l, χŏti met atəm χŏl-na, jŏχi lăŋ-ə-l-ti mɔs-l.” jina pa jŏχi lăŋ-ə-l-s-ə-lli, elti ɔməs-s-ə-lli, ittam lɔw sŏχ χir al χerij-ə-l, al mărij-ə-l. wŏlli ɔj paltam-ə-s-ə-t ittam kŭtś-ə-m im-et mŏla jɔχ-ə-t: “tŏχi tŭw-i, tŏχi tŭw-i, kŭl-na tăta śi li-l-aj-uw.” ɔj, śiti χŏtaś pa tel jiś-s-ə-t pa: “tŏχi tŭw-i, wŏlli lŭw tămi-t ńŏχl-ij-ə-l pa al χerij-ə-l, tăm ma diwan-em iti. tŏχi tŭw-i, śi lŏwat jăm wer-a, ŏχ-na mă-l-ew, mŏla kem ŏχ wɔχ-l-ə-n pa mŭŋ-ew kŭl elti al lapt-i-l-a, al lapt-i-l-a.” kŭtś-ə-m-ə-t, mŏla χŏj arij-ə-l, χŏj mŏla.
short go-NONPST long go-NONPST town street along go-NONPST one house-LOC FOC make:noise-0-NMLZ.PF-0-PL hear-NONPST-0-3PL be:drunk-NMLZ.PF-0-PL hear-NONPST-0-3PL 1SG DP bag hide-1SG to:here [inner:porch]-LOC ?-NONPST-0-1SG and all homewards enter-FREQ-NONPST-0-1SG drink-NMLZ.IMPF OPT drink-NONPST-0-3PL INTJ homewards come:forth-0-PST and only person-PL-3SG-LOC recognise-PST-PAS and soon DP INTJ Maxim 2SG arrive-PST-0-2SG 2SG come-IMP-2PL to:here come-IMP here full-2SG drink-IMP with pour-NONPST-PAS full-2SG drink-IMP INTJ and 1SG how OPT devil drink-NONPST-0-1SG and outside and one companion have-NONPST-0-1SG and devil have-NONPST-0-1SG and only flee-NONPST 3 how do-0-NONPST INTJ and [here] and devil what-TRANS to:here bring-PST-SG.2SG and devil-LOC how 1PL eat-NONPST-PAS-1PL DP and from:where 3 run-NONPST how SUPER bad where-LOC homewards enter-0-TR-NMLZ.IMPF must-NONPST DP and homewards enter-0-TR-PST-0-SG.3SG from sit-PST-0-SG.3SG that horse hide bag very:much squeak-0-NONPST very:much make:din-0-NONPST completely INTJ be:afraid-0-PST-0-3PL that be:drunk-0-NMLZ.PF woman-PL what man-0-PL to:there bring-IMP.SG to:there bring-IMP.SG devil-LOC here FOC eat-NONPST-PAS-1SG INTJ so how and full drink-PST-0-3PL and to:there bring-IMP.SG completely 3 this-N start:off-FREQ-0-NONPST and very:much squeak-0-NONPST this 1SG [sofa]-1SG as to:there bring-IMP.SG DP size good make-IMP money-LOC give-NONPST-SG.1PL what after money beg-NONPST-0-2SG and 1PL-ACC/DAT devil from NEG feed-0-TR-IMP NEG feed-0-TR-IMP be:drunk-0-NMLZ.PF-0-3PL what who sing-0-NONPST who what
short идти-NONPST длинный идти-NONPST город street вдоль идти-NONPST один дом-ЛОК ФОК шуметь-0-НМЛЗ.ПРФ-0-МН слышать-NONPST-0-3МН be:drunk-НМЛЗ.ПРФ-0-МН слышать-NONPST-0-3МН 1ЕД DP bag прятать-1ЕД to:here [inner:porch]-ЛОК ?-NONPST-0-1ЕД and весь homewards войти-ФРЕКВ-NONPST-0-1ЕД drink-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ OPT drink-NONPST-0-3МН МЕЖД homewards come:forth-0-ПРОШ and only человек-МН-3ЕД-ЛОК recognise-ПРОШ-ПАС and soon DP МЕЖД Maxim 2ЕД прибыть-ПРОШ-0-2ЕД 2ЕД прийти-ИМП-2МН to:here прийти-ИМП здесь full-2ЕД drink-ИМП с pour-NONPST-ПАС full-2ЕД drink-ИМП МЕЖД and 1ЕД как OPT черт drink-NONPST-0-1ЕД and снаружи and один товарищ have-NONPST-0-1ЕД and черт have-NONPST-0-1ЕД and only flee-NONPST 3 как делать-0-NONPST МЕЖД and [здесь] and черт что-TRANS to:here принести-ПРОШ-ЕД.2ЕД and черт-ЛОК как 1МН есть-NONPST-ПАС-1МН DP and from:where 3 бежать-NONPST как SUPER плохой где-ЛОК homewards войти-0-TR-НМЛЗ.ИМПФ must-NONPST DP and homewards войти-0-TR-ПРОШ-0-ЕД.3ЕД от сидеть-ПРОШ-0-ЕД.3ЕД тот horse прятать bag very:much squeak-0-NONPST very:much make:din-0-NONPST completely МЕЖД be:afraid-0-ПРОШ-0-3МН тот be:drunk-0-НМЛЗ.ПРФ женщина-МН что мужчина-0-МН to:there принести-ИМП.ЕД to:there принести-ИМП.ЕД черт-ЛОК здесь ФОК есть-NONPST-ПАС-1ЕД МЕЖД так как and full drink-ПРОШ-0-3МН and to:there принести-ИМП.ЕД completely 3 этот-N start:off-ФРЕКВ-0-NONPST and very:much squeak-0-NONPST этот 1ЕД [sofa]-1ЕД as to:there принести-ИМП.ЕД DP size хороший делать-ИМП money-ЛОК дать-NONPST-ЕД.1МН что после money beg-NONPST-0-2ЕД and 1МН-АКК/ДАТ черт от НЕГ кормить-0-TR-ИМП НЕГ кормить-0-TR-ИМП be:drunk-0-НМЛЗ.ПРФ-0-3МН что кто sing-0-NONPST кто что
He went a short time or he went a long time, he walked along the streets of the city. From a hut a loud noise could be heard, drunks apparently. “Fine, I’ll put this sack with the skin in the inside porch and go into the house. If they’re going to drink, let them drink.” He came into the house and was recognised right away by the people: “Maxim, you’ve arrived, come here, drink a glass.” They filled a glass. “Drink the glass.” “Yes, I’d drink the glass, but I left a pal outside, a demon is left, maybe he’ll run away, what can you do?” “Oh, what did you bring a demon here for? The demon will eat us.” “If he runs away, it’ll be even worse. I have to bring him into the house.” And really, he brought it into the house, sat down and the sack with the horse-skin crackled and rustled. Oh, the drunken men and women were e very frightened. “Take it away. The demon will eat us here.” They all had another glass and: “Take it away. It’s moving, it’s squeaking.” (Just like my couch here.) “Come on, take it away, please. We’ll give you money, as much as you ask for, just don’t feed us to the demon.” Drunks - they sing, they do whatever.